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(A ) In competitive communities, two prototrophic strains engaged in equal-fitness or unequal-fitness competition for shared resources.
Depending on their genetic backgrounds, the two strains engaged in either equal-fitness or unequal-fitness competition.
(C ) In competitive communities, R → A ← L : C ← L dropped below the initial value of 1 (dotted line) during community growth due to the fitness advantage of C ← L over R → A ← L. In contrast, R → A ← L : C ← L rose above 1 when the strains engaged in cooperation and cheating.
C ← L still produced adenine for itself at the wild-type level, but without the overproduction mutation, the adenine produced by C ← L was not sufficient to support the growth of G → L ← A. These strains engaged in different types of interactions depending on the environment.
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The fact that spore production was the same in single and mixed infections in the current study therefore suggests either that the most virulent strain outcompeted the others without suffering any cost from the competitive interaction, or that the Metarhizium strains were engaged in scramble competition with dynamics that are impervious to interactions being inter- or intraclone.
In the art world, converging factors produced the irresistible clout of a Zeitgeist: the staffing of institutions (notably, an international network of biennials and the like) with grownup nineteen-sixties lefties, an academic passion for French and German strains of engaged intellectualism, and a generational recoil from the money-drunk saturnalia of the eighties art scene.
Our recent work has revealed intra-species variation (i.e. sub-species by standard metrics [ 30]) in the ability of Xenorhabdus bovienii bacterial strains to engage in symbiosis with S. feltiae nematode hosts [ 5], indicating that examination of multiple strains within a species has the potential to expose additional diversity of bioactive metabolites.
In contrast to the vaccine studies described above [21], [22], we found that the ability of HSV-2 strains to engage HVEM, or not, had little effect on pathogenicity or on certain aspects of the T-cell response to acute infection.
Variation in the ability of the bacterial strains to engage in symbiosis with the nematode likely results from coevolution, and therefore co-adaptation, between nematode host species and bacterial symbiont strains [ 4, 5].
The abundance of these transporters implies that these strains are highly engaged in transport of a wide variety of substrates across extra- and intracellular membranes [ 21], which is consistent with the Sphingobium proficiency for degradation of a wide range of xenobiotics (mentioned above; Figure 4).
= 4, P<0.0001) and there was a general trend for male test mice from the B6 strain to engage in more mounting behaviors than age-matched BALB males at all sampling points other than PD 25/26 (see Table 1; χ2 = 8.3, d.f. = 1, P<0.01).
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