Cluster 3 shows an initial decrease in the expression level and a return to a pre-stimulus expression, significant in GO groups E (RNA binding) and I (NADH dehydrogenase activity).
In pre/post stimulus studies in which the transcriptional response is monitored at one specific time instant after a prolonged insulin exposure, genes showing a transient response followed by a return to the pre-stimulus expression or a systematic, but small in magnitude, change in the expression, are likely to be missed [11].
Although mammalian phagocytes have been shown to activate NF-κB in response to pathogenic stimuli, expression of EGFP in this reporter line has not yet been explicitly defined (Kanther et al., 2011).
Over time following injury and over time in vitro in response to stimuli, expression of the markers used to characterise these states changes (Perego et al., 2011; Hu et al., 2012).
Upon activation of NF-κB and AP-1 by inflammatory stimuli, expression of inflammatory genes such as that encoding TNF-α and of proinflammatory enzymes such as iNOS and COX-2 takes place.
Upon removal of the stimulus SOCS3 expression and Stat3 phosphorylation were monitored.
After withdrawal of the stimulus, ApoE expression remained approximately 14 days, but sometimes much longer, depending on the donor.
Interestingly, a possible vMMN to changes in a complex and socially relevant visual stimulus, facial expression, has been reported.
This data implicates hypoxia as the primary micro-environmental stimulus inducing expression of HIF and downstream genes in both ES and OS cells in culture.
Face stimuli (neutral face expressions) were taken from the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (Lundqvist & Litton, 1998).
Interestingly, while maspin messenger became detectable in PMN after a few hours of exposure to the activating stimuli, maspin expression in Mono cells required a prolonged stimulation.
