5 That led us to speculate that chronic antigenic stimulation underlies the often tremendously elevated levels of serum IgG4 in IgG4-RD.
The paraganglia specificity of PGL tumors [ 4] and data from global gene-expression analysis [ 11], cell biology [ 12], animal-model studies [ 13], and gene-environment interaction and population genetics [ 14] support the hypothesis that constitutive hypoxic stimulation underlies the pathogenesis of PGL.
We show here, using a metabolomics-based approach, that cytosolic glutamate derived from the malate-aspartate shuttle upon glucose stimulation underlies the stimulatory effect of incretins and that glutamate uptake into insulin granules mediated by cAMP/PKA signaling amplifies insulin release.
It was our rationale that this approach would provide us with the opportunity to test whether common regulatory immune mechanisms, possibly involving TLR stimulation, exist underlying infection-mediated protection against both allergy and autoimmunity namely, whether these common regulatory immune mechanisms control both Th1 and Th2 responses.
Furthermore, our results suggest that an inflammatory background and antigen stimulation may underlie the pathogenesis of DFL.
They suggested that the alleviation of synaptic depression caused by high-frequency stimulation may underlie such effects of the 5-HT1B receptors.
Baeken, C. & De Raedt, R. Neurobiological mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the underlying neurocircuitry in unipolar depression.
Zhou, W., Fu, L.-W., Tjen-A-Looi, S. C., Li, P. & Longhurst, J. C. Afferent mechanisms underlying stimulation modality-related modulation of acupuncture-related cardiovascular responses.
As previous evidence suggests an association for NRG1 with beta-adrenergic stimulation, its role underlying Type A is discussed.
In particular, the automatically recorded table containing data on time and skin blood flow (SkBF) at both sites relative to the underlying stimulation protocol were used.
