Substantia nigra activity to performance of a simple motor task (button press) during both low-level visual stimulation and cognitive task performance was modulated by peripheral inflammatory challenge.
The DMN reduces its activity with an external stimulation and behavioral task and increases with perceived mental states as imagination, internal dialogue, and others.
Notably, the present attentional effect in the left mid-FG occurred in the absence of visual stimulation, under identical auditory stimulation, and equated task difficulty.
Three to five days before the experiment, subjects were familiarized with electrical stimulation and different tasks of voluntary performance.
A revised method for measuring distraction by tactile stimulation: Subject characteristics and task data, 10.5256/f1000research.4944.d34156 (Schechter et al., 2014).
Without auditory stimulation and a specific task, the variance in rCBF might increase, resulting in less statistical power when comparing conditions to the baseline.
Whereas in the observed touch videos, different paintbrushes were used for tactile stimulation, and a roughness task had to be solved, in the physical touch experiment, tactile stimulation was applied passively, and the same paintbrushes were used for tactile stimulation.
For example, if the device targeted a region known as Broca's area, which is involved in language, the patient would alternate between brain stimulation and word-related tasks on a computer screen.
Moreover, differences in sensory experiences across stimulation site (e.g., general discomfort, noise or muscle twitches, which were highest during IFG stimulation) cannot account for the TMS effects since 1) performance was always measured in the absence of any ongoing brain stimulation and 2) nonsemantic control tasks were used to detect any task-independent consequences of TMS.
In that work, we numerically showed that this approach produced fairly accurate recovery of brain signals (generated from a proper volumetric simulation of activation) and we experimentally demonstrated that this approach produced images consistent with functional MRI in two separate experiments (visual stimulation and a frontal cortex task).
