These ring structures are reminiscent of images of substrate compliance-dependent capillary morphogenesis of endothelial cells seen using other strain stiffening materials [29], [30], [31].
Stiffening materials such as this could prove useful in new studies to mimic tissue stiffening during healing or fibrosis to better understand fibroblast activation in response to temporal changes in matrix mechanics.
At low frequencies, the stiffened material reflects and guides waves away from the surface.
First, harmonic vibration sources are considered, and stiffened material is inserted into a design domain situated between the source and the receiver to minimize wave transmission.
The method is adjusted to concrete and can also be used for other materials like gypsum, lime, starch and other stiffening materials.
The procedure is based on the known value of failure strains and, for this type of beam, the failure strains can either be concrete crushing strain, debonding strain of the stiffening materials or the plate fracture strain.
Tire buffings added to sand altered the deformation behavior of the mixture by stiffening the material at low strains and softening the mixture at large strains.
The use of natural fibres as reinforcement in composites materials is a current technology for strengthening and stiffening polymeric materials.
