Under a compressive load, the variation in hydrogel stiffness within each layer produced high strains in the soft cartilage-like layer, low strains in the stiff bone-like layer, and moderate strains in the interfacial layer.
A simple sequential photopolymerization method was employed to form stable poly ethylene glycol -based hydroglycol -basedoft cartilage-like layer of chydrogelsn sulfate and lowithD concentrationsoft stiff bone-like layer with high RGD concentrations, and an intermediate interfacial layer.
The regenerated femoral heads presented a precise appearance in shape and size similar to that of native goat femoral heads with a smooth, continuous, avascular, and homogeneous cartilage layer on the surface and stiff bone-like tissue in the microchannels of PCL/HA scaffold.
In addition, the growth properties of clonal populations of the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 differ in response to rigidity, and they correlate with the ability to grow in the soft lung or stiff bone in vivo [17].
Clinically available scaffolds lack an appropriate recreation of the native tissue's gradation in properties between the compliant tendon and the stiff bone.
Segmental or generalized syndesmophyte formation (bamboo spine) transforms the flexible spine in a long stiff bone (with intravertebral osteoporosis as shown with computed tomography) with decreased biomechanical competence.
For example, the attachment shows a transition from compliant tendon, which contains no mineral, to stiff bone, which contains ∼50 vol % mineral, across a spatial gradient in mineral content.
In addition, the Frzb-/ mice have an increased cortical bone thickness and density, resulting in stiffer bones as demonstrated by a different stress strain relationship in Frzb-/ mice.
The key findings of the present study were the following: (1) the stiffest bone-implant construct was found to be the iBalance implant followed by the Contour Lock plate.
