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On right: seining for stickleback in one of the experimental ponds (photo by A. Paccard).
Threespine stickleback in young postglacial lakes provide a compelling example of coevolution between species that compete for resources.
Fig. 2 Population means for paired and solitary threespine stickleback in small coastal lakes of British Columbia, Canada.
To test this, we contrasted the amount of competition experienced by a zooplanktivorous stickleback (in this case the marine species) between two experimental treatments.
The threespine stickleback in small lakes of coastal British Columbia exhibit a pattern of divergence much like that seen in the Darwin's finches (Fig. 2).
The alternative hypothesis is that predation and parasitism were as vital as competition to divergence between stickleback in habitat, food, and other traits.
Similar(44)
For example, the evolutionary rate of MyoD2 was respectively ∼4.5 and 2.5 times faster in stickleback than in Gilthead seabream and pufferfish (not shown).
This analysis demonstrated that large deletions occur much more often in stickleback than in humans and are sufficiently common to account for the extreme scarcity of ancient elements in the stickleback genome.
In contrast, 109 TAAR genes have been identified in zebrafish, 50 in stickleback and 27 in medaka, although only 13 such genes have been identified in fugu [ 8].
Perhaps I should never have imprisoned those sticklebacks in that jam jar… That night, I drink too much whisky.
There are two properties that make the task of tracking sticklebacks in our set-up challenging.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com