RST was used to account for the mutational distances among alleles under the stepwise mutation model [ 42].
According to the Stepwise Mutation Model (Balloux and Goudet [2002]; Hardy et al. [2003]), Rst is larger than Fst for microsatellites mutations.
In order to lower analytical efforts, we designed a stepwise mutation detection strategy that was adapted to the spectrum of oncogenic RB1 gene mutations.
We also applied pairwise RST, an F-statistic derived under a stepwise mutation model to the microsatellite data [45].
Provided microsatellites evolve under the stepwise mutation model [71], [72], mean d2 should reflect genetic distance between parental genomes.
Genetic distances among different-size normal alleles were calculated assuming a stepwise mutation model for D22S1140 and D22S1153 using RST.
Estimates of genetic distance, based on the stepwise mutation model, were large (δμ2 = 15.35; DSW = 15.35) suggesting that the MLGs do not share a close genealogical relationship [35].
If the dynamics of return to equilibrium are driven by local mutations involving a stepwise mutation model, then V returns to equilibrium much more slowly than HE.
Divergence among populations is thus probably recent, as stepwise mutation at microsatellite loci contributed to differentiation between populations for only five out of 31 loci.
A corollary of the stepwise mutation nature of microsatellite mutations is the fact that we can use microsatellite variability to estimate the timing of evolutionary events.
Following the recommendations of the program for limited sample size, we used the Wilcoxon sign-rank test under two mutation models: the stepwise mutation model (SMM) and the two-phased model (TPM) with 70% stepwise mutation model, and 1 million replicates.
