Sentence examples for stepwise human from inspiring English sources

Using the BJ stepwise human cellular tumorigenesis model, we show that this process is highly selective, as (i) only senescent cell medium had the ability to sensitize to TRAIL and (ii) only pretransformed cells could be sensitized, while normal (BJ) or immortalized (BJEH) cells remained unresponsive.

After validating the tumor specificity of TRAIL action in the stepwise human tumorigenesis model (Hahn et al., 1999), we incubated the cells at different stages of transformation with conditioned medium from senescent cells (CMS) for 20 h and treated them with TRAIL.

At the authors' institution, a stepwise metastatic human HCC model system was established, which included a metastatic HCC model in nude mice LCI-D20 [ 11], an HCC cell line MHCC97 with high metastatic potential that originated from LCI-D20 tumor [ 12], and cell clone MHCC97H from its parent MHCC97, with a lung metastatic rate up to 100% using orthotopic inoculation [ 13].

The protocol supports the stepwise differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (ESC) to cells with characteristics of primitive streak (PS /mesendoderm (ME /definitive endoderm (DE), hepatoblasts, and finally cells with phenotypic and functional characteristics of hepatocytes.

All vaccines under development follow a predefined pathway that begins with nonclinical testing (in suitable animal models and in vitro testing), followed by a stepwise evaluation in human clinical trials to demonstrate safety and efficacy.

The stepwise model of human CRC development and progression proposed by Vogelstein and colleagues [ 12, 13] includes: 1) inactivation of the APC, SMAD4, and P53 tumor suppressors; 2) overactivation of the KRAS oncogene; and 3) development of genomic instability in the form of either chromosomal instability (CIN) [ 12- 16] or microsatellite instability (MSI) [ 16, 17].

Adaptation of the tetracycline-responsive gene expression system to transgenic mice [ 6- 9] prepared the way for development of conditional models in which precise timing of oncogene exposure in specific tissues initiated events that model those that occur during the stepwise progression of human oncogenesis [ 10- 18].

The results suggested that SARS-CoVs experienced a stepwise adaptation to humans.

10.7554/eLife.00278.022 Figure 5. Stepwise assembly of the human DNA polymerase holoenzyme.

The VDR growth regulatory equilibrium involving E-cadherin and OPN is disturbed during stepwise evolution of many human cancers [77,114] although there are important tissue-specific differences.

The stepwise procedure for generating human antibody chains allows the advantages of scFv and diabody antibody fragments to be exploited without suffering the negative effects of non-human antibodies in a clinical setting.