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This is a much improved result in comparison with the one by ordinarily applied single step spin coating which produced the filling factor of only 10% through the comparative study I this work.
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Dajuan, 13, darted between two large men who failed to react quickly enough to his first step, spun around a young woman talking on a cellphone, and triumphantly positioned himself fourth in a line that was still growing behind him.
The soil pools are initialized for global CASA model runs with a 3600 monthly time step "spin-up" routine, based on average monthly climate drivers representing the late 1990s.
Planar devices based on the FTO-coated glass/c-TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Ag structure were fabricated using two-step spin-dip and one-step spin coating methods.
Fig. 9 SEM image of the perovskite SC, fabricated by one-step spin coating (run 11).
Finally, multi-step spin coating method reliably produced polymer lines having a linewidth of 292 nm at 1 μm spacing.
Without using a novel technique such as electrospinning, MAPbI3 NW film was conveniently formed by two-step spin coating technology.
Figure 9 shows the SEM cross-sectional image of the cell fabricated using the one-step spin coating method.
Therefore, in this study, the one-step spin coating was also applied to fabricate perovskite films (run 11).
Three fabrication routes are followed to make perovskite layers: two-step sequential spin-dip and spin-spin coating and one-step spin coating.
Figure 7 shows the absorbance of the perovskite layers produced by sequential spin-dip and spin-spin coating, as well as one-step spin coating.
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