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They are usually grouped into high-carbon steels, with carbon above 0.5 percent; medium-carbon steels, with 0.2 to 0.49 percent carbon; low-carbon steels, with 0.05 to 0.19 percent carbon; extra-low-carbon steels, with 0.015 to 0.05 percent carbon; and ultralow-carbon steels, with less than 0.015 percent carbon.
The microhardness reaches 7-12 GPa for the steels with carbon content of 0.35 1%.
Growing demand for materials suitable for Arctic marine constructions necessitates the development of lowcost steels with excellent low-temperature properties.
This modeling approach provides a framework for designing dual-phase steels with optimized plastic flow properties.
This necessitates a process optimization when machining hardened steels with Al2O3 based ceramic cutting tools.
Two nitride-strengthened reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steels with different Mn contents were investigated.
Steels with 2 4 wt% Al were characterized by TRIP effect.
The carburizing process is the enrichment of the depth of low carbon steels with carbon.
Ferritic stainless steels are corrosion resistant steels with a low and stable cost.
In the recent decade, a wide range of high-strength cold-resistant steels with high plasticity and toughness for shipbuilding were developed.
Figure 8 shows the true stress true strain curves on a double natural logarithmic scale, which were plotted for CHT and DCT steels with different holding times.
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