The ExxonMobil report also made the dubious assumption that carbon emissions would stay constant over time, rather than decline in response to a price on carbon.
Other papers have noted that the energy balance model approach assumes that feedbacks amplifying or dampening global warming will stay constant over time, while in reality, some feedbacks kick in later than others.
This is a snapshot of an athlete's physiology, and should stay constant over time.
Where insufficient information was available to estimate LULUCF development over time (either in the BAU or INDC mitigation scenario), it was conservatively assumed that LULUCF emissions and removals would stay constant over time (e.g. Argentina, Canada, Kazakhstan, etc).
In order to arrive at total global emissions estimates and provide comparability with other estimates, global net LULUCF emissions were harmonized to historical GHG emissions estimates [20] through the use of a harmonization factor that stays constant over time.
Therefore, our assessment conservatively assumes that BAU net LULUCF emissions stay constant over time, at the emission level of 2007 (−175 Mt CO2e yeas−1) as reported in India's 2nd National Communication.
If a Party reported no information about its emission pathways, the BAU and INDC projections were assumed to stay constant over time to only consider the countries that have provided information concerning their expected development of the LULUCF emissions (see Table 2).
In the case of the Barabási Albert network, there is a sharp decrease in the number of cooperators when the threshold of (nu approx 0.2) is crossed, but stays constant over time.
For the projections of global net LULUCF emissions, the harmonization factor is assumed to stay constant over time and thereby does not impact the global estimated emission reduction from the LULUCF sector, nor estimates for individual Parties.
For Parties that did not explicitly state that emissions and removals from the LULUCF sector are included in the mitigation component of their INDC, net LULUCF emissions were assumed to stay constant over time according to the last available historical data points.
Most of the climate mitigation literature so far has assessed the potential contribution of purposeful management of terrestrial ecosystem management in terms of delivery of carbon neutral biomass for energy production where the overall terrestrial sink was assumed to stay constant over time [6].
