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Considering the hunting statistics as a proxy for wolf abundance, the largest reduction appears to have occurred prior the 20th century.
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In addition, due to the lack of regional import statistics on services by country of origin, we use the structure of regional import statistics on goods as a proxy to estimate the initial value for services (Eqs. 6a and 7a).
When we lack regional export statistics on services by country of destination, we again use the structure of regional export statistics on goods as a proxy to estimate the initial value for services (Eqs. 8a and 9a).
We used the tobacco tax statistics of the Federal Statistical Office as a proxy for tobacco sales.
The flow of animals between geographical regions in the UK has been previously described by grouping considered premises into their NUTS1 (Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics level 1) region as a proxy for the spatial structure of pig farm density and animal species population in the UK [ 7].
The data utilised was based on 'proxy' data extracted from national statistics, as well as local data.
The third factor consisted of CHR and BbF (4 and 5 rings, respectively) One PAH from each factor described above was selected as a proxy for that factor and for the displaying of descriptive statistics.
The relevance of material affluence scale as a proxy measure of affluence is very vital, especially in developing countries where official statistics on socioeconomic indicators may be lacking.
They conclude that light can be used as a proxy for nominal GDP, but that this approach only adds value to the official statistics for countries with poor reporting standards and low data quality.
The government is coming under renewed pressure to abandon its use of ESB connections as a proxy for housing completions after a new report expressed fresh doubts over the accuracy of official statistics.
What counts as a proxy contest?
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