It is the first in a series of 4 educational papers on statistical issues for RCTs, which will also include statistical controversies in RCT reporting and interpretation, the fundamentals of design for RCTs, and statistical challenges in the design and monitoring of RCTs.
Additionally, the arbitrary use of simple analytical procedures to calculate molecular properties, occasionally without a validation study, as well as a lack of statistical significance, has caused much controversy [ 18– 23].
Because there are no such dependencies in the multi-layer approach, the controversy about the statistical foundations of the two-stage approach (Gupta et al.., 2011) does not extend to our multi-layer approach.
However, mRNA and protein levels are not correlated for many human and yeast proteins, especially those that are regulated by post-transcriptional processes [ 51- 53], although there is controversy regarding correct statistical analysis and interpretation of some of these data [ 54].
The results, published 27 May in Science, may once again stoke the debate over juvenile violence; it has already triggered controversy over the unusual statistical method it employs.
However, we did not evaluate publication bias because much controversy remains about the applied statistical methods and outcomes in studies detecting publication bias [ 59].
Several studies identify novel putative cancer genes using statistical methods, some of which have stirred controversies (Forrest and Cavet 2007; Getz et al. 2007; Rubin and Green 2007).
The controversy largely revolves around highly complex statistical analyses of dozens of studies on Avandia and the heart attack risks.
This approach allows us to increase statistical power, improve precision, investigate heterogeneity, and settle controversies across different clinical trials.
When the American Psychiatric Association unveils a proposed new version of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the bible of psychiatric diagnoses, it expects controversy.
