In April 1898 the National Protection Society was established in Beijing under the premise of protecting state, nation, and national religion.
States, nations, empires, even continents are not natural geographic features, and their existence would be impossible without maps.
Places (neighborhoods, districts, cities, states, nations) and their socioeconomic interconnections can form a socio-spatial network.
Singapore is an island state nation with land size of approximately 710 km2 and population density of 7000 persons per km2 [13].
For essentially the same reasons, the notion of an "ideal democracy" also can be useful for identifying and understanding the democratic characteristics of actually existing governments, be they of city-states, nation-states, or larger associations.
Some political scientists cleverly introduced the idea of the "state-nation", a community that came into existence because of the prior existence of a distinct state.
This helix concentrates and focuses the 'economic capital' (for example: entrepreneurship, machines, products, technology, money, etc). of a state (nation-state).
(5) The political system: The political system, as a fifth subsystem, is also of crucial importance, because it formulates the 'will', where to the state (nation-state) is heading toward in the present and future, thereby also defining, organizing as well as administering the general conditions of the state (nation-state).
This circulation of knowledge from subsystem-to-subsystem implies that knowledge has qualities of an input and output of and for subsystems within a state (nation-state) or also between states.
Nevertheless, whether a state (nation-state or beyond-nation-state) is leading in different fields in the future, will be primarily, if not even solely, be decided by its potential to develop new knowledge, know how and innovation in balance with nature.
