Sentence examples for states and diversification from inspiring English sources

The BiSSE model, which accounts for interaction between trait states and diversification rates, marginally supported the state-independent maximum likelihood (ML) models over state-dependent models (delta AIC = 3.96), although both models are still favoured where delta AIC < 4 [ 40].

The testing of hypotheses related to geographic (i.e., Pacific vs. Atlantic/Arctic) origin and diversification (see Table 3 and estimation of ancestral character states and diversification from the Methods section) showed the GeoSSE model as having the best fit (AIC = 107.66, log-likelihood = -46.83).

The best fitting model for the different diversification hypotheses related to the evolution of mating systems (see Table 2 and estimation of ancestral character states and diversification in the Methods section) was the one-parameter Markov k-state model (MK1; AIC = 104.522).

"We suspect that Gazprom has been hindering the free flow of gas across member states and the diversification of sources of supply" and "has imposed unfair prices on its customers," said Joaquín Almunia, the European Union competition commissioner.

The first approach uses a novel weighted gene coexpression network to determine signaling networks and core genes underlying disease states and evolutionary diversification [ 19- 21].

We used the binary-state speciation and extinction (BiSSE) modelling approach to estimate transition rates among character states and character-associated diversification rates [ 39, 40].

We also considered different combinations of state-independent and state-dependent diversification, and dispersal (Table 2).

We combine sequences generated by traditional Sanger and next-generation 454 sequencing methods with morphological characters, including 19/20 extant families and 137 species, to estimate phylogenetic relationships, character state evolution, divergence times, and diversification patterns among major lineages of this diverse clade of crustaceans.

I present the first molecular-based phylogenetic hypotheses of relationships within Megachilidae and use biogeographic analyses, ancestral state reconstructions, and divergence dating and diversification rate analyses to date the antiquity of Megachilidae and to explore patterns of diversification, nesting behavior and floral preferences in the family.

In practical terms, this means greater self-reliance and diversification of, and state support for, agriculture.

Since then, retailing and wholesaling, banking and insurance, and construction have been among the activities reflecting the general affluence, urbanization, and diversification of the state's economy.