PRSS (Pain Related Self Statements Scale) and PRCS (Pain Related Control Scale) [30, 31] are two self-administered questionnaires.
AP, attention-placebo; CBT, cognitive behaviour therapy; ES, effect size; FIQ, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, MPI, Multidimensional Pain Inventory; OBT, operant behavior therapy; PRSS, Pain Related Self-Statements Scale.
Cognitive variables were assessed using the 32-item Pain-Related Self-Statements Scale (PRSS) [ 31] with the subscales 'active coping' (for example, 'I can handle my pain') and 'catastrophising' (for example, 'I am a hopeless case') shown to have excellent psychometric properties [ 31].
There were few problematic items: item 39 ("held part of my body (e.g. arm) in a special position) had the lowest coefficient (.28) and four items of the Coping Self-Statements scale had a coefficient lower than.50 (items 14, 21, 27, 37).
Each item consists of a series of four statements scaled to indicate increasing depressive symptomatology.
The Pain-Related Self-Statements Scale-Catastrophizing Subscale (PRSS-Catastrophizing) is a nine-item self-report inventory that measures the frequency of a patient's catastrophic cognitions that may impede the individual's ability to cope with severe pain.
Immediately below the first vignette on page one of the questionnaire, we presented the statement "This scale was very usable for indicating my assessment"; with yes, undecided or no as response options.
In Europe, it often takes the left, exploiting its credentials with labor unions and dressing its pro-market policies in deceptive statements, to scale back socialism.
Siebold "is alert and talking with his family and doctors," according to a statement from Scaled Composites, the designers of Virgin Galactic's space launch system.
