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See, as to federal taxation on state instrumentalities, Collector v. Day, 11 Wall.
States and state instrumentalities own and operate hospitals, universities, prisons, and libraries.
The analogy of the constitutional immunity of state instrumentalities from federal taxation, on which respondent relies, is not illuminating.
Ante, at 8. I think neither of those assumptions is relevant to the principal issue raised in this case, namely, whether Congress had the constitutional power to authorize suits against States and state instrumentalities for such a violation.
Bauerle, James F. and MacKenzie, Kevin I. (1978) "American Antitrust Liability of Foreign State Instrumentalities: A New Application of the Parker Doctrine," Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 11 : No. 2, Article 7.
But, as between citizens of the same state, the Federal court may not interfere to compel municipal corporations or other like state instrumentalities to keep within the limits of the power conferred upon them by the state, unless such interference is necessary for the protection of a Federal right.
Similar(53)
The TRCA amends §43(a) by defining any person to include any State, instrumentality of a State or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity. §3(c), 106 Stat.
(2) As used in this subsection, the term "any person" includes any State, instrumentality of a State or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity.
They do not prohibit any company in which the President has any financial interest from doing business with any foreign, federal, or state instrumentality".
As used in this subsection, the term "any person" includes any State, instrumentality of a State or employee of a State or instrumentality of a State acting in his or her official capacity.
In applying these controlling principles in the Gerhardt case the Court held that the salaries of employees of the New York Port Authority, a state instrumentality created by New York and New Jersey, were not immune from federal income tax, even though the Authority be regarded as not subject to federal taxation.
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