λ onset also indicates the electronic transition start wavelength.
Excitation-emission maps of the samples were obtained by scanning the excitation wavelength, starting at 280 nm and ending at 480 nm in steps of 10 nm, while detecting the emission light from 300 800 nm.
They can be listed as radio window represented by electromagnetic wavelengths starting from 15 MHz up to 300 GHz, optical window represented by electromagnetic wavelengths starting from 150 THz up to 1000 THz, microwave window represented by electromagnetic wavelengths starting from 23.1 THz up to 37.5 THz.
To extract the period of the oscillation we fitted the dynamics at several wavelengths, starting from delays greater than 1.5 ps and by previously subtracting the slowly varying second exponential decay.
Global fitting of diode-array data was performed in ReactLab using the rate constants derived from data collected at individual wavelengths as starting estimates.
As the Bi composition further increases, the PL wavelength starts to blueshift and the PL intensity decreases.
Measurements started at a wavelength of 350 nm and were continued until 700 nm in 5 nm steps.
It might result from surface defect of nanoparticle aggregation spheres with large specific surface and imprecise measurement, which contribute to the absorption edge starting at a little larger wavelength [31].
Now, thanks to large space facilities, such as Herschel and Planck, results from longer wavelengths start to appear (e.g., Maddox et al., 2010; Cooray et al., 2010; Amblard et al., 2011; Magliocchetti et al., 2011; Planck Collaboration et al., 2011).
Quantum fluctuations of matter and their associated wiggles in spacetime, which had started out with wavelengths many times smaller than the size of an atomic nucleus, would get stretched to macroscopic, even galactic, size.
