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Compared with Pelleted group, calves fed Textured starter feed had greater total DM and starter feed intakes, and final BW with no difference between Ground and Pelleted groups.
These benefits, however, were small when Textured starter feed was provided.
Fecal N excretion and N retention were higher in the animals fed starter feed.
Thus, 4 treatments were evaluated: a low-fat (4.1% fat; LF) starter feed offered along with 4 L/d of MR (4LF), a high-fat (11.2% fat; HF) starter feed plus 4 L/d of MR (4HF), a LF starter feed offered with 6 L/d of MR (6LF), and an HF starter feed offered with 6 L/d of MR (6HF).
Overall, fat content of starter feed had no effect on solid feed intake.
Calves received PWM consumed (P < 0.05) more starter feed between day 16 and day 45.
As expected, cumulative consumption of starter feed was greater in FAS than in FED calves.
Individual MR and starter feed intakes were recorded daily and BW was determined weekly.
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There was no significant effect of CP or HE on performance in the starter feeding phase period.
Key aspects common to all systems include the composition and amount of liquid feed, water availability, and the first starter feeds offered.
Two different three phase starter feeding programs comprising of phase I (15 or 25% lactose), phase II (10% lactose) and phase III (0% lactose) diets were employed.
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