The interviewees also believed that the following preconditioning factors would facilitate the provision of preventive activities: integrating time for prevention into their working hours and standardizing working methods to promote communication between colleagues.
Muda, Muri and Mura (3 M) can be eliminated through TPM, standardized work and ergonomic workstation or cell design.
Stable production levels with little fluctuations were an important prerequisite for the smooth functioning of the Toyota system with just-in-time delivery, standardized work procedures and continous improvement activities.
The practices in Health and Safety bundle consist of Five S, Six S, Poka Yoke (mistake proofing) for safety, visual management, standardized work, ergonomic workstation or cell design and total productive maintenance (TPM).
It became clear that the extensive use of temporary workers distorted complementarities between the organizational design choices of Andon, decentralized decision rights (due to their lower qualification and motivation to detect irregularities), and standardized work procedures (due to disruptions in the work process caused by temporary workers).
Once the employees are aware and trained in creative thinking, then they can be a great asset in the development of accident-free and healthy workplace by application techniques like Five S, Six S, TPM, Poka Yoke, visual management, standardized work and ergonomic workstation or cell design, safety Kaizen, etc.
However, employees will follow standardized work guidelines, when they understand the reasons behind them [ 21].
Furthermore, a framework for ergonomic research on laparoscopic instrument handles is proposed to standardize work on instrument design.
Reengineering focuses on some aspects such as reducing wastes, standardizing works, internal logistics, workplace designing and changing layout.
