Based on our standardized patient examination experience, we believe standardized patient simulations can be used to assess certain forms of learners' empathic behaviors.
A 1-day bedside ultrasound workshop was developed as one component of a comprehensive 5-day intern "boot-camp" designed to improve interns' cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills using active learning techniques including simulation, standardized patients and communication workshops.
Nonetheless, while self-assessment can be a useful method for determining self-confidence in intercultural situations [ 26- 29], actual skills are better assessed using external objective measures such as OSCEs, standardized patients, and simulation [ 30].
However, data from non-standardized simulation studies may provide useful information on the temporal behavior of PPPs in an appropriate environment, which might be used for assessing the influence of important environmental conditions on properties such as persistence.
19 For all kinds of simulations standardized and exchangeable parameter files (e.g. in XML-format) should be provided with each submission.
From the authors' point of view, in order to curb that risk, four major perspectives should be discussed by the community, as itemized in the following (and formulated as guidelines in Box 1 and Box 2): For all kinds of simulations standardized and exchangeable parameter files (e.g. in XML-format) should be provided with each submission.
Three days after the initial neonatal resuscitation training all students passed a standardized simulation-based scenario with newborn manikins to assess the effect of both teaching methods by an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and binary checklist.
If PET/CT treatment simulation becomes standardized, clinical translation of research advances in biological target definition and imaging uncertainty mitigation will follow.
Also, surgical education will dramatically improve with Internet-based education, surgical simulation, and standardized metrics for the assessment of manual and technical skills.
