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For this purpose, the variances were standardized (range between 0 and 1) to prevent negative values.
Each component score is standardized (range 0 100), with low scores representing low HRQoL.
Comparisons among means for more than two groups were performed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's Standardized Range test (Tukey test) was used for pairwise, post-hoc comparisons.
We also used the global species distribution model AquaMaps [80] to generate standardized range maps of species occurrence.
This is an environmental envelope model that generates standardized range maps, within which the relative probability of occurrence for marine species is based on the environmental conditions in each 0.5×0.5 degree cell of a global grid (see specifications of Mediterranean AquaMaps in File S2).
The DWI and registered ADC map were normalized so that their intensities were both distributed in a standardized range (0,1).
Similar(51)
After summing Likert-scaled items, each domain is standardized ranging from 0 to 100 points according to established international guidelines where higher scores represent better quality of life [26].
Total scores were calculated and standardized, ranging from 0 to 100.
(2) Standardization processing of data Because of the different orders of magnitude and dimension of feature indexes, for the convenience of analysis and comparison, the sample data needs to be standardized; data range is transferred to the domain [0, 1] (normalized processing).
The subscale scores are standardized and range from 0 to 100 with higher scores reflecting better health-related quality of life in the domain being measured [10].
The WOMAC scores were standardized to range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best).
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