Three consecutive standardized heat stimuli were applied to the paw to evaluate the mean withdrawal latency (cutoff at 20 s).
After accommodation of the animals to the testing device, three consecutive standardized heat stimuli were applied to the hind paws with at least two minute intervals between stimuli.
The present study aimed at developing a standardized heat wave definition to estimate and compare the impact on mortality by gender, age and death causes in Europe during summers 1990-2004 and 2003, separately, accounting for heat wave duration and intensity.
Analysing time course gene expression information is rather standardized nowadays, heat maps being the most widely used tool to get a comparative insight into changes in gene expression for a certain dataset.
All-cause data are commonly employed in heat impact research because of the lack of a standardized definition for heat-related death and the potential for heat stress to contribute to other causes of mortality (especially respiratory and cardiovascular causes).
The present paper presents the main results of the EuroHEAT project (Improving Public Health Responses to extreme weather/heat-waves), which aimed to develop a standardized definition of a heat wave event and to compare the impact of heat waves in European cities.
No formal, standardized definition of a heat wave exists.
We did hierarchal clustering using a correlation-based metric Pearson test, and rendered heat maps using standardized LCB values for the regeneration signature, the rAd.βgal and the rAd.A20 treated livers.
The heat map represents standardized expression estimates mapped to a continuous green-to-red color scale where green means low expression and red means high expression.
To compare a towel under, a warm water pad under or a forced warm air blanket over dogs as techniques to reduce heat loss during a standardized anesthetic.
