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Results were expressed as standardized gene expression (2−ΔCt) or gene expression of the galactose-treated sample normalized to the animal-matched glucose control.
We then standardized gene expression ratios separately to a mean ± s.d. of 0 ± 1 in each data set.
In the case of cancer prognosis, a simple averaging of all member genes' standardized gene expression values performs best.
To define a representative module expression profile (referred to as the module eigengene), we summarized the (standardized) gene expression profiles of the module by their first principal component.
To define a representative module expression profile (referred to as the module eigengene), we summarized the (standardized) gene expression profiles of the module eigengene (= first principal component).
For individualized interpretation, we define D by the ranking of z-value, which is standardized gene expression for the mean and SD of the nRef.
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The results from these studies are promising and suggest that standardized gene expression-based diagnostic tests can provide at least equivalent, if not superior diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional analysis methods.
For a given pathway, we first rank the standardized gene expressions by their limma moderated t-score.
Standardizing gene expression by mean and standard deviation from data set is often used for microarray analysis [ 9– 13].
TCA permitted to accurately standardize gene expression level amongst >100 kidney biopsies, and to identify otherwise imperceptible molecular disease markers.
To standardize gene expression across samples, we first compared the expression levels of four well-known housekeeping genes within the samples.
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