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For each measurement, a standardized force of 134 N was applied perpendicularly to the tibial longitudinal axis at the height of the tibial tuberosity via a weight attached over a cord to a bracket (Fig. 2).
The intra-articular milieu was best replicated with artificial synovial fluid and Lachman/KT-1000 Lachman/KT-1000ulatestinglying a standardized force of 134 N to reduce inter-tester variability.
The excellent reliability estimates for hip abduction are the result of adequate stabilization of the subject's body and standardized force.
The blunt injury was induced on the left soleus muscle via an instrumented clamp (area of contact between muscle tissue and clamp: 10 mm), which allowed a standardized force application of 25 N for 10 s (DMC PLUS, HBM Hottinger Baldwin Messtechnik GmbH Germany).
All parameters influencing the grinding process were standardized (force applied, initial temperatures, dimensions of pulp horns, positioning of grinding disk, rotational speed).
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➢ The sets of low friction (self-ligating and conventional brackets tied with ML) showed more standardized forces than conventional brackets with elastomeric ligature.
To evaluate the reliability level of an innovative method using a standardized stretch force to assess the flexibility of lower limb muscle groups in highly-trained adolescent athletes and to examine whether interchanging the examiners affects the reliability of the measures.
Another potential weakness is the lack of a standardized deforming force to recreate the opening of the syndesmosis.
Standardized effect size.
Objective: The aim of these studies was to compare venous perfusion in umbilical cords subjected to a standardized tight encirclement force.
Standardized testing has forced high school students to lose highly important analytical and social skills.
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