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The denominator term is a standardization factor leading to pTG values in the range of 0 to 1 and makes pTG prevalence independent.
Consequently, use of a standardization factor that eliminates expression variability linked to differential sample composition and differential gene expression in the various structures proved to be highly efficient for reducing inter-sample data scatter (Fig. 4) and, thereby, for identifying pathological biomarkers (Fig. 5).
The ratio of T/S corresponds to telomere length, when multiplied by a standardization factor.
The standardization factor 1 / L allows for a straightforward interpretation of the statistic because t F I T R asymptotically follows the standard normal distribution as R becomes large.
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The only way to stop this vicious circle of extreme local standardization (environmental factors, genetic factors, experimental setup) and apparent variation of phenotypes between different animal housings is introducing systematic variation of parameters within one research institution (Würbel 2000).
This lack of standardization is a factor which may have had an influence on all measures.
Standardization of each factor was performed by subtracting the sample mean from the individual mean and then dividing by the sample SD.
Standardization of four factors was carried out using the Box Behnken design.
A1C does not require fasting and has good standardization, although nonglycemic factors affecting A1C should be taken into account.
We have also demonstrated the need for the standardization of multiple factors when comparing methods including resuspension volume ratios, transformation aliquot volumes, plasmids and growth media.
Nevertheless, technical factors, standardization of the assays used to measure anti-TmAb antibodies, and the timing of the measurements make immunogenicity a complex subject to investigate.
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