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In a second approach, circulating 25- OH D concentrations were standardised and the standardised values were then used in conditional regression models as described above.
Standardised values for these properties are proposed herein.
Figure 2 graphs the cluster differences by using standardised values (M = 0, SD = 1).
In Fig. 8b, it is clearly illustrated why we should not use standardised values.
Table 3 provides the standardised values of these components.
These estimates were calculated over all individual standardised values and over average standardised values calculated for each study.
Similar(32)
Each of these variables was standardised using the formula: standardised value= value−mean)/standard deviation.
First, we standardised the three tests of muscle strength (standardised value= value−mean)/SD) within each subgroup and used the mean of the three test scores as a proxy for general muscle strength.
9 11 Each variable will be standardised as follows: standardised value= value−mean)/SD.
Standardised value sets are available to calculate the utility based on the EQ-5D.
The MPD threshold takes a standardised value from 0 to 1 and if no value exceeds the threshold, standard imputation is used to impute a value.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com