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The way cumulative doses were standardised in this trial is described in table 2. CD = Cumulative Dose (J/cm ) standardised for the study.
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The definitions of cardiac ischaemic situations – 'stable angina' (SA), 'unstable angina' (UA), 'acute myocardial infarction' (AMI) and 'heart-related sudden death' – will be standardised for this study based on current literature and have been settled during a panel discussion with two cardiologists, one GP, an ethicist and two researchers before the trial started.
However, this is likely to be minimal as most information in medical records of the hospitals involved in the study is standardised for the care practices considered.
Responses were standardised for the whole population.
Of course, providing that an onset threshold was standardised for each study, there should have been relatively little affect on between-group differences in the relative activation times of VMO and VL, as any differences in threshold should have affected both muscles and both groups similarly.
** Reliability standardised for 100 items This study has integrated theoretical considerations regarding non-functional distractors (NF-D) and candidates' hypothetical behaviour in the absence of NF-D, in terms of the psychometric characteristics, as well as an expert survey regarding the detection of NF-D in high stakes medical examinations.
Two sensitive and specific RT-PCR assays were standardised for testing the presence of human metapneumovirus.
Measurement procedures were standardised prior to the study.
The slit lamp and filter were standardised across the studies.
Furthermore, like in most of the conditions studied, the HRQoL loss (standardised for a number of variables) was greater measured by the EQ-5D than by the 15D, but the former presented a much higher ceiling effect (25% vs. 5%, respectively).
Incidence rates were adjusted to standardise for differences between studies in categories of DVT and population age structures.
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