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The age-adjusted (direct standardisation) rate of private gynaecologist use was calculated separately for each municipality, using the age-distribution of all municipalities as the reference.
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Except for mother-reported externalising problems in girls, the findings show similar rates of problems, in excess of the American standardisation rates, across the age-groups and boys and girls.
CMF: Comparative mortality figure; DRS: Direct risk standardisation; DSR: Directly standardised rate; HES Hospitall episode statistics; SHMI: Summary hospital mortality index; SMR: Standardised mortality ratio.
An age-standardised rate was calculated at each time period, using direct standardisation to the world population (Parkin et al, 1997).
Substantial differences between conventional directly casemix standardised rates and rates from direct risk standardisation (DRS) were found.
One possible approach to calculating directly standardised rates when there are empty casemix combinations is to differentiate between casemix standardisation and risk adjustment.
We estimated age-standardised rates of cancer per 100 000 person-years for all ethnic groups using direct standardisation to the 1960 Segi world population (Segi, 1960) with age divided into six categories: (<40, 40 49, 50 59, 60 69, 70 79, 80+).
Direct standardisation was used for age adjustment with respect to the European standard population, and the European standardised rates (ESRs) were calculated.
The age and gender standardised rates in each region were calculated for both first- and second-eye surgery by direct standardisation to the 2001 population.
Standardisation of rates in health services research is generally undertaken using the direct and indirect arithmetic methods.
The differences in incidence rates between areas were partly due to differences in the age groups considered and to the use of different reference populations for standardisation of rates.
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