Under a network structure, however, two standard directions of modeling the production process may generally lead to a pair of multiplier and envelopment DEA models so that the outcomes are not necessarily equivalent, i.e. a network duality problem occurs.
A low-complexity subspace-based method, Spread Root-MUSIC, is presented in [5] where a rank-two model is fitted at each source, using the standard point source direction of arrival algorithm Root-MUSIC.
These included the use of standard colours, consistent direction of ranking (from best to worst) and clear explanations of concepts such as confidence intervals.
For standard ultrasound the direction of the association between study quality and test performance was the same for all scoring schemes.
We need to afford them the respect to have a decent discussion about how we address their concerns, their quality of life, the squeeze on their living standards, the future direction of their neighbourhoods and home city.
By a standard inspection of the direction of the field, γ + ( Q ) crosses the negative y-semiaxis and reaches a point P = ( x 1, y 1 ) verifying (2.18).
The standard view on the direction of causation is that it reduces to the direction of time: causes occur prior to their effects (Hume 1975, Kant 1965, Beauchamp and Rosenberg 1981).
The angular spread corresponds to the standard deviation of the direction of arrivals from multipath components at the receiver when a normalized version of the PAS is used as the weighting function.
where is the PCA space definition for action, is the mean performance, and and correspond to the computed standard deviation and mean direction of motion at each time step t, respectively.
A general measure of the goodness of a predictor is the gradient of risk per standard deviation, which is the relative increase in the hazard function when the value of the variable is changed by 1 standard deviation in the direction of risk.
