Exact(8)
At the stance transition (phase 12) both forefoot sites and the M-L were significantly increased compared with HL stimulation.
(B ) Comparison of limb positions at the transition from stance to swing (left), at mid-swing (middle), and at the swing to stance transition (right).
The dominant site-specific features of stimulation applied at the swing to stance transition were effects on TA muscle activity and force detected at the heel FSR.
Stimulation at the medial sites of M-M ad F-M produced facilitation of TA muscle at swing to stance transition (Phase 12).
Custom-written software programs were used to separate the step cycle into 12 separate phases, beginning with heel contact and ending with the subsequent heel contact at the swing to stance transition.
Functional interpretations of the integrated neuromechanical responses are found below, organized within 4 functional phases of walking in which distinct responses occurred [ 3]: stance transition, stance, swing transition, and swing (see Figure 3).
Similar(52)
Pairwise Holm-Sidak tests for multiple comparisons showed that the conditioned flexion reflex throughout the stance phase (bins 2 8) was facilitated, followed by a significant depression at early swing phase (bins 11, 12) and a significant facilitation at swing-to-stance transition phase (bins 15, 16) (P < 0.05)).
One wonders why the swing-to-stance transitions were not similarly analyzed.
A coupling influence triggered the stance-swing transition depending on the position of the anterior leg.
In a series of 10 patients with proximal femur prosthesis or saddle prostheses, De Visser et al. (2000) described a prominent burst at the stance-swing transition for the biceps femoris, which was interpreted as a task in active flexion of the knee.
Measurements in the forward walking animal have shown (Burkamp 1996) that the point where the stance-swing transitions occur is better approximated by a section of an about spherical surface which can be represented by a three-layered feedforward perceptron as indicated by the box PEP in Fig. 5.
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