Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(1)
Exact(60)
However, the tetrasporangium of H. formosana sp. nov. is borne on a basal stalk cell and lacks paraphyses and indusium.
Dictyostelium amoebae produce a chlorinated alkyl phenone called DIF which induces stalk cell differentiation during their multicellular development.
She suggested that these species of Exallosorus have tetraspornagia with a stalk cell and within the indusiate sori which lack paraphyses and mucilage.
Figure 13 Homoeostrichus formosana sp. nov. Transverse section, showing tetrasporangia with a basal stalk cell projected above the cortex (Scale bar: 45 μm).
Tetrasporangium is developed from cortical cell with stalk cell and singly scattered over the thallus surface, and has no indusia and paraphyses.
Polar cell differentiation is essential for stalk cell formation, and for proper egg chamber encapsulation.
Specifically, we find that btg-overexpressing cells preferentially adopt a stalk cell (and, more particularly, an Anterior-Like Cell) fate.
For example, stalk cell differentiation is induced by the chlorinated hexaphenone DIF-1, secreted by prespore cells, in addition to cAMP, as shown in in vitro experiments [23].
It has been suggested that DIF-1 and DIF-2 may have roles other than inducing stalk cell differentiation during the early stage of development [18].
The ALC are known to be heterogeneous, including populations that are dependent or independent from the Dictyostelium stalk cell morphogen DIF [15], [16], [17].
Once a tip cell stretches the adjacent stalk cell segment, stalk cell proliferation is stimulated.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com