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Aging continuously at 170 °C in ambient environment for a period equivalent to 17 years in extreme stagnation condition, the surfaces did not show noticeable degradation.
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Excessive pressures may occur in a solar collector during stagnation conditions – a potentially danger for residents.
The experimental results were analyzed and compared with RELAP5 predictions for various stagnation conditions and node geometries mentioned.
The critical condition has been determined for three mixing chambers of equal internal diameter but different profiles and for several stagnation conditions of primary and secondary fluid.
In this work the authors propose experimental and numerical investigations of natural cooling of flat plate solar collectors to control their overheating under stagnation conditions.
Numerical experiments confirmed that due to the stagnation conditions a chemical reaction first commences in the tube boundary layer, and subsequently propagates throughout the tube cross-section.
A ventilation channel with a thermally actuated door is inserted below the absorber allowing to protect the collector from stagnation conditions, while preserving good performance during normal operation.
Critical flow maps were suggested for a critical mass flux and pressure of steam water flow with respect to upstream stagnation conditions using an extended Henry Fauske model.
The focus of the investigation is to study the aging behavior of these materials under maximum operating conditions (80 °C in water up to 16,000 h) and stagnation conditions (140 °C in air up to 500 h) typical for northern climate.
The helium flow through a 500 μm skimmer was also measured, and the skimmed fraction was found to vary by two orders of magnitude over the range of stagnation conditions investigated.
From the conducted investigations it has been evidenced that an optimal size of back-mounted collector air-channel can be found with suitable tilt angle, corresponding to which the overheating of collectors can be controlled passively under stagnation conditions.
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