General concept of this project can also be adapted and further extent to the coordination and controlling of other stages of value-added chain.
Today, economic added value is generated locally at all stages of the value chain ranging from specialized equipment production and service provision over more generic construction, development, and management activities to the supply with raw materials.
The four stages of the value chain are in turn subdivided into various value chain steps, depending on the specific technologies involved.
In Figure 5, the results for the four stages of the value chain are depicted.
In addition to these direct costs and revenues that arise through investments in the specific stages of the value chain, further operational revenues are generated.
However, since the companies along the value chains and the investors are not necessarily located in the same region where the RE plants have been installed, this also applies for the three other stages of the value chain.
There is, however, no shortage of funding to support installation of the basic Industry 4.0 infrastructure to provide dynamic, real time data at all stages of the value chain (Deloitte, 2015).
In both Emden and Soltau, this includes the development of new firms as well as the specialization and/or growth of existing firms operating at various stages of the value chain.
They also include consultancy and planning bureaus, firms in the construction industry, and the electrician trade, as well as others which are contracted in various stages of the value chain (cp. Figure 1).
Employers must do their part to decrease gender based constraints by giving women meaningful roles in all stages of the value chain, especially in leadership or decision-making positions.
