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So far, only a few studies have been conducted in an effort to address the blending issues, among which a method named staged extraction, or progressive extraction, was used to extract asphalt binder from aggregates layer by layer and yielded promising results.
In addition, the impact of chemical solvent used in staged extraction, i.e. Trichloroethylene (TCE), on the AFM images of extracted asphalt binder was also explored.
A staged extraction procedure using trichloroethylene solvent was used to evaluate a four layered binder system around the aggregate.
It was found that among the solvents used in the study, trichloroethylene (TCE) was the most effective for staged extraction that dissolved the asphalt binder without preferential dissolution.
In this study, staged extraction is performed on an asphalt mixture blend on the premise that individual layers of asphalt binder can be removed from the mixture until all that remains is the aggregate.
This study validated the feasibility of staged extraction by addressing the concerns over solvent effects on testing results, potential selective dissolution of binder fraction by the solvent, desirable solvent selection and binder homogeneity of raw RAP and RAS materials.
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Stage extraction cost was not calculated for biocompatible extractants because the fermenter productivity with biocompatible extractants increases with respect to conventional fermentation.
However, the extraction capacities of extractants as reported in the literature are insufficiently high, requiring multiple-stage extraction and high organic-to-aqueous phase ratio.
Table 4 Results of three stages counter current and single stage extraction experiment Experiment item Mass transfer efficiency Loss rate of extraction agent Three stage counter current extraction experiment 92.6 0.42 Single stage extraction experiment 84.5 0.26.
On the basis of an interfacial reaction mechanism, a single-stage extraction model was established.
The sulfur removal of UAOD process was evaluated after oxidation under the abovementioned conditions followed by (a) one stage extraction and (b) four stages extraction using acetonitrile as solvent.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com