The resulting payoff is an average over all the stage payoffs.
Since w i ∈[0,1], hence, the stage payoffs are uniformly bounded.
To use the one-step deviation principle, firstly, we prove that the stage payoffs in (9) are uniformly bounded.
where a (t) is the action profile at stage t induced by strategy s (i.e. (s_{k}^{(t)}(h^{(t)})=a_{k}^{(t)}forall : k)), u k is the one-stage payoff function defined in (9), and T is defined as the number of times the interaction takes place.
It had been 45 years since Sir Paul and three other mop-topped Liverpudlian lads graced that glorious stage, but the payoff was truly sensational.
One emerged with a solid grounding in aspects of French musical history in the last decades of the 19th century and a tantalizing sense that the weekend was setting the stage for next weekend's payoff, when the focus will actually be on Debussy himself.
Secondly, in case there is a deviation by player k at stage τ+1, the discounted payoff is given by (v_{k}(widetilde {s})=) begin{aligned} frac{ 1-delta)}{(1-delta^{T})}&lefrac{ 1-delta{tau}delta^{ 1-delta^{alpha_{ 1-delta^{{-k}^)righT}
In the punishment stage, participants in the low-payoff, high-payoff, and competition conditions respectively spent €0.22, €0.24, and €0.45 to punish other group members.
Also consider expenses for staging and marketing, mortgage payoff penalties, capital gains tax, and moving expenses.
More importantly, measuring software testability early in the development process, during analysis or design stages, can yield the highest payoff as design refactoring can be used to improve testability before the implementation starts.
