The journey was characterized by several steps along the way in which it was necessary to resolve issues such as stages of reasoning, conceptual change, and social knowledge.
At each stage of the reasoning process that led to assigning of an examined object to one of the possible classes, novel processing methods are used.
At each stage of the reasoning process that leads to assigning an examined object to one of the possible classes, the novel processing methods are used.
As our reasoning proceeds from a premise set, we may encounter a situation where we infer a consequence provided that no abnormality, in particular no contradiction, obtains at some stage of the reasoning process.
It has also been argued that CSR is and needs to be a moral concept, and indeed Kohlberg's influential theory of moral development (Kohlberg 1981) places legal compliance as two stages lower on the moral continuum than the ultimate stage of moral reasoning which is based upon universal ethical principles such as justice.
According to Kohlberg: someone progressing to a higher stage of moral reasoning cannot skip stages.
During the roughly 45-minute tape recorded semi-structured interview, the interviewer uses moral dilemmas to determine which stage of moral reasoning a person uses.
Two post-scanning interviews were conducted outside the MR scanner, with the results used to determine the personal stage of moral reasoning ability, according to Lawrence Kohlberg's stage model of moral development (1, 1.5, 2,..5).
These findings support the contention that the scanner-task moral dilemmas were functionally equivalent to the standard interview moral dilemmas [61] and thus reliably estimated the individual stage of moral reasoning ability.
Indeed, Kohlberg's highest stage of moral reasoning described abstract universal ethical principles valid for all humanity regardless of concrete laws and social agreement [ 62].
