This analysis was carried out on fish sampled at several stages of development from the onset of the free swimming period (Day 0 = D0), when fish first started to be fed with the androgen treatment until 110 days after the beginning of the treatment (D110).
It is interesting that, although the expression of fezf2 in the forebrain starts from the early patterning stage, its effect on Wnt/β-catenin signalling only becomes apparent from the tailbud stage at the onset of neuronal differentiation.
The post-cambial cells, from the secondary xylem elongation stage to the onset of autophagy where the protoplast and cytoplasmic contents are still retained, was visible as a circle surrounding the stem present in both control and RW induced trees.
To recognize leaves that were at a comparable developmental stage at the onset of the experiment, the main stem below the 10th internode from the upper leaf was marked on all the plants at the onset of treatments.
This stage marks the onset of fruit ripening.
When raising Xenopus laevis in well circulated, normoxic water without access to air from embryonic stages before the onset of breathing, we found that air-deprived (AD) tadpoles can routinely complete climax metamorphosis.
By comparing gene expression from this early stage to E6 (the onset of morphological differentiation), we find novel genes and pathways that are activated sex-specifically at the time of sexual differentiation; more than 1000 genes are transcribed in a sex-biased manner at this stage, and the majority of these become biased between E4.5 and E6.
Flower primordia form at stage 2 while the onset of pistil development occurs at stage 6.
Since the transcripts of these genes are increased in fogsk8 embryos at 24 hpf, together with the demonstrated RNAPII and Spt5 occupancy on these genes in WT embryos, one possible explanation is that increased 3' RNAPII occupancy may have occurred at an earlier developmental stage, coinciding with the onset of transcript increase from these genes.
The NODAL signaling pathway was inactivated in whole embryos from the onset of gastrulation (between stage 4 and stage 6 in the chick) until the primary regionalization of the forebrain (stage 12).
