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Based on the above fatigue behavior and damage pattern, a three stage fracture mechanism model under fatigue loading is developed.
Then the idea of a single stage fracture analysis is incorporated to establish linear flow model within a single fracture with a variable rate.
At this stage, fracture occurs by atomic rearrangement: some Cu atoms are attracted to fill in the vacancy sites of stepped surface of Ni tip while other Cu atoms fall back to the substrate.
A weakness of our study was the retrospective character, which made it impossible to date all the parameters in growing children that might influence bone mineral development, such as pubertal stage, fracture treatment, and anthropometric measurements.
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In 1977, she fell off the stage, fractured her back in four places and broke her skull (she needed 42 stitches in her head).
During stage fracturing, the main hydraulic fractures are created one after another.
So the stress interference between fractures is closely related to the fracture spacing and the distance from the wellbore in stage fracturing of the horizontal well.
Stage fracturing was performed; therefore, the pressure lose due to perforation expansion is very small in the order of KPa and can be negligible.
When the fracture length was 200 m, and the stage spacing was 50 m, the stress redistribution due to stage fracturing may divert the original stress pattern, which might activate natural fractures so as to generate a complex fracture network.
Finally, the pipe flow model along the lateral wellbore is adapted to couple multi-stages fracture mathematical models, and the equation group of predicting productivity of a multi-stage fractured horizontal well.
Reservoir performance and pressure characterization in multi-stage fracture development considering elastic rock mechanics are not systematically discussed in the literature.
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