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Certain drugs, if they could be made in a stable glass structure instead of a crystalline form, would dissolve more quickly, allowing them to be taken orally instead of being injected.
The 11B NMR spectra exhibited a clear transformation from BO3 into BO4 groups, caused by the agglutination effect of the Cu ions and the charge balance of the agglomerate in the glass network, leading to a more stable glass network and lower ions release rate in the degradation process.
Besides, additional Pb oxide that enters into the glass matrix would create a low rate of crystallization, since Pb oxide has the ability to form stable glass state due to its dual roles; one as glass former if Pb O is covalent, the other as modifier if Pb O is ionic [24, 25].
Two sheets of this chemically stable glass, separated by a thin layer of liquid crystals, make for slender, high-resolution displays found in a growing assortment of products: watches, gas pumps, personal organizers, video cameras, medical imaging devices, aircraft navigation panels, computers, televisions.
Obviously, these conditions are not feasible in the freeze-drying of many cell types because of the need to achieve a stable glass matrix without CPAs, at relatively slow cooling rates and large volumes.
Since the cryoprotective solution can be transformed into a stable glass without ice crystal formation during the rapid cooling process, this extremely rapid method of cryopreservation is referred to as "vitrification," meaning "glass formation".
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By varying the laser power and thereby the heating and cooling rate of the specimen, we show that the most stable glass-forming composition within the explored range is Cu64.7Zr35.3, in excellent agreement with the previously reported optimum composition of Cu64.5Zr35.5 that was identified by trial and error.
These stable glasses have, far below the conventional glass-transition temperature, the properties expected for the equilibrium supercooled liquid state, and optimal stability is attained when deposition occurs at the Kauzmann temperature.
Finally, comparison with other low Tg systems from the literature proves the relevancy of that system for the development of low-Tg and stable glasses.
These molecules can form stable glasses with low glass transition temperature and their optical absorptions as well as photoconductivities at 633 nm increase systematically with increasing acceptor strength and conjugation length.
These are: (i) the replacement of structural water with compatible solutes such as disaccharides; (ii) the formation of stable glasses from highly hydrophilic proteins which prevent the biomolecules from irreversible aggregation [1], [5], [12], [21], [43].
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