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This suggests stabilization of the electron excited state relative to the ground state.
A putative mechanism that may regulate stabilization of the electron transport chain is expression of hypoxia-sensitive isoforms of one or more of the molecules in the electron transport complex as had been described for yeast (Kwast et al, 1999).
As the energy required to pump these protons is generated through the transfer of electrons in the electron transport chain, our data collectively indicates stabilization of the electron transport chain in hypoxia-tolerant GBM cells.
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The introduction of an electron-withdrawing group (cyano, nitroso, nitro, carbonyl) at position 3, contributes to the stabilization of the π electron density by placing a charge on the electronegative atom of the electron-withdrawing group (structures 2c d), and in doing so a long distance mesomeric effect develops a positive charge on C-5 (structure 2e).
Finally, a pair of "+" and "−" centres (P+QA − or P+QB − for fully reconstituted RCs) is created after stabilization of the excited electron (Figs. 3 and 4).
This is due to the relativistic stabilization of the 7s2 electron pair over the whole seventh period, so that none of the elements from 104 to 112 are expected to have electron configurations violating the Aufbau principle.
The +6 state should not exist at all due to the very strong stabilization of the 7s electrons, making the valence core of livermorium only four electrons.
Owing to relativistic stabilization of the 7s electrons, copernicium shows radon-like properties.
The stabilization of the 7s electrons is called the inert pair effect, and the effect "tearing" the 7p subshell into the more stabilized and the less stabilized parts is called the subshell splitting.
The stabilization of the 7s electrons is called the inert pair effect, and the effect "tearing" the 7p subshell into the more stabilized and the less stabilized parts is called subshell splitting.
The increasing predominance of the divalent state well before the actinide series concludes is attributed to the relativistic stabilization of the 5f electrons, which increases with increasing atomic number.
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