The wave deformation was attributed to the drag force, that originates from the relative movement between the two phases, exceeding the stabilising surface tension force.
Other base coats such as Polycell's Problem Wall Treatment are formulated to stabilise surfaces with flaky paint and loose plaster.
Earlier bronze braces that had been used to stabilise surfaces were removed in those places where they were causing cracking, and the holes filled.
Even if greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are stabilised immediately, surface air temperature will remain high and sea level rise will continue for centuries due to the inherent inertia of climate processes (13, 14).
Prior to skimming, a coat of a PVA (polyvinyl acetate) "bonding" is applied to stabilise the surface to provide something for the plaster to stick to.
Because it is shot in at a tangent to the cylinder's inner wall, the water swirls around the cylinder and the resulting centrifugal force keeps it pressed close to the wall, thus stabilising its surface (see diagram).
The reconstructed landforms were simultaneously sprayed with a biodegradable emulsion to stabilise the surface matrix and seeded with a mixture of ~30 native trees, shrubs, and herbaceous species (~25,000 seeds per hectare).
In small parts of the area, the surface has stabilised as a result of vegetation growth, but elsewhere drifting sand has spread and covered previously stable surfaces.
If the membrane to be printed was too fragile to allow passage through an inkjet printer (e.g. nano fibres, gold sheet), it could be stabilised on a support surface or captured onto a single side of a document laminating film (backing)12.
Three main growth modes are pointed out: outgrowth or perpendicular growth, in conditions of low surface inhibition; lateral growth, with complete coverage of the electrode by hydrolytic species giving a high degree of surface inhibition; cluster growth, in the presence of surface complex species stabilised by boric acid.
