More specifically, epidemic models, e.g., SIS, susceptible infected removed (SIR) and susceptible infected (SI) [6, 8] have been adopted and adapted over diverse network topologies to describe the spreading of useful or malicious information.
The development of "open science" in the 16th century helped with the spread of economically useful ideas.
Models for the spread of infectious diseases are useful tools - can project plausible scenarios, guide control strategies, suggests roles of antiviral drugs and vaccines and so on.
Furthermore, optimal controls were obtained and studied over each information class, while simulation and numerical results are provided for the cases where user interest is low and diffusion needs boosting to improve the efficiency of useful information spreading.
Mathematical models of the spread of infectious disease can be useful in assessing the impact of facemasks on reducing the spread of a disease, specifically pandemic (H1N1) 2009.
Detailed analysis of the dynamic interactions among biological, environmental, social, and economic factors that favour the spread of certain diseases is extremely useful for designing effective control strategies.
An improved knowledge of the movement dynamics could also increase the understanding of the spread of endemic diseases and be useful when designing control programmes for these diseases.
This may accelerate the emergence and spread of resistance, thereby shortening the useful life of the drug, but it is an inevitable consequence of the current imprecise method of dose finding.
It can be compared to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, part of the Pentagon, which spread seed money for projects and incubated a variety of useful technologies, including the Internet.
Monitoring of influenza virus production and spread of the infection can also be useful for established vaccine production processes.
