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The collective result of such experiences is the spread of linguistic variables i.e., groups of variants (sounds or grammatical phenomena) primarily determined by social (educational, racial, age, class) influences, an example being the existence of the two forms "He don't know" and the standard "He doesn't know".
Figure 1 Membership spread of linguistic scales.
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Table 1 shows the results of three models used to explore the relationships between typological features, and measures of population, geographic spread, and degree of linguistic contact.
The full dataset was constructed by combining typological data from WALS with the following demographic variables: speaker population, geographic spread, and number of linguistic neighbors derived from Ethnologue [1] and the Global Mapping Institute [33] (see Text S5, containing analyses that demonstrate representativeness of the sample).
Veterans of the overseas business circuit say that despite the spread of English worldwide, those linguistic gestures promote familiarity by showing that you have done your homework and care about getting along.
The sampling approach for this study was influenced by the geographic, organizational and linguistic spread of the volunteer programme under study.
Belief in a preformed grammatical device, for which heard speech provides input for the generation of linguistic competence and performance, has spread among linguists.
While clicks are an extensive and original feature of the Khoisan languages, they have spread through linguistic contacts into a number of other languages of the Bantu and Cushitic groups.
Also, human population migrations in East Asia have been investigated in relation to the spread of agriculture and the main linguistic families, leading to quite different views on the subject.
In the short time that cell phone e-mail has been in use, there are signs that these kinds of linguistic sleights of hand are spreading into general usage.
Linguists call this "the arbitrariness of linguistic signs".
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com