It found that California hospitals charged between $15,000 and $110,000 for a hip or knee replacement — the usual ridiculous spread of costs.
A range of 405 € to 1081 € (converted from $ to € with an average 2004 exchange rate of 0.81 $/€) for the incremental costs provides a benchmark for the spread of costs among the matched studies.
An analysis of the coefficient of determination R 2 over time (G-DRG versions 2004 2011) shows the explained part of the statistical spread of costs resulting from DRG classification.
Indeed, the appearance of new and more expensive drugs highlights the importance for decision makers to study and put more effort into the resources assignation due to the spread of costs generated.
This conclusion is supported by the spread of cost-outcome differences across all four quadrants of the cost-effectiveness plane and the slight tendency for estimates to extend further across the south-west quadrant (which represents lower costs and worse outcomes).
The distribution graph showed left-shifted medians and a spread of costs on the right side.
The spread of costs over time affects the ability of households to cope with these costs [ 1], and our findings suggest that the problem of affordability of services is most acute in early stages of treatment.
For outpatient services the spread of costs is largest for private-for-profit facilities, signifying that either the productivity of privately run outpatient services is not homogeneous, or that quality varies widely within the sub-sector.
Spread of outpatient costs: The costs per service unit deviate strongly.
Spread of inpatient costs: The average costs of public inpatient services are similar to those of private facilities.
