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PSCs cause losses in system output power, hot spot effects, and system safety and reliability problems.
The dimers with remarkable hot spot effects can be easily prepared by e-beam lithography [12], nanosphere lithography [13], and self-assembly method [14, 15].
The results obtained reveal important hot spot effects and differences of surface brightness temperatures varying between −5 and 7 K between nadir and off-nadir measurements, according to azimuth view angles.
At least conceptually, this type of dye flip eliminates spot effects and dye effects yielding adjusted estimates of expression in the samples relative to expression in the standard.
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Under excitation state, this AgNPs-gold film nanostructure has intense hot spot effect, which effectively arouses the fluorophores within it.
It is found that increasing the thermal conductivity of integrated layer can effectively relieve the heat spot effect of ISC.
But there are experimental observations in contradiction to the hot spot effect.
This phenomenon is known as hot spot effect which originates from the LSPR coupling effect between the nanoparticles.
This further reduces the gap between two nanoparticles and causes a more remarkable hot spot effect [16 18].
An interesting BRDF signature is the hot spot effect that yields a maximum of reflectance in the sun direction.
When the gap of the metal nanoparticles is within 10 nm, it will produce "hot spot" effect, which will further enhance the intensity of the SERS signal.
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