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That means, new behaviourists say, that habits of good citizenship can no longer be easily or spontaneously acquired.
The idea was to track down and analyze dogs that had spontaneously acquired a similar condition.
The "ideal" in vitro model of Barrett's metaplasia in which to study the effects of well-defined genetic alterations on neoplastic transformation would be one in which p16 expression remains intact, with the deficiency in p16 expression being genetically engineered, rather than spontaneously acquired.
As it turned out during the analysis, mutant pro44 had spontaneously acquired a second, unrelated mutation also resulting in sterility.
The distribution of EMS-induced SNVs differed significantly from both spontaneously acquired and MMC-induced SNVs, as expected.
Decreasing overall seroprevalence in 2008 might be caused by mandatory vaccination of domestic ruminants and spontaneously acquired herd immunity within the red deer population, which reduced virus prevalence among insect vector populations in 2008.
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These results suggest that, with prolonged culture, these cells may spontaneously acquire further genetic abnormalities that result in uncontrolled proliferation.
However, it has been reported that parasites can spontaneously acquire blasticidin resistance when exposed to sustained blasticidin treatment independent of the bsd-selectable marker [30].
Depending on confluency of plating, a subpopulation of these cells spontaneously acquires CD44+/CD24- phenotype [ 47].
MCF-10A breast epithelial cells, a subpopulation of which spontaneously acquire the CD44+/CD24- phenotype, were used to identify genes that are differentially expressed in CD44+/CD24- and CD44-/CD24+ CD44-/CD24+
That prostate cancer can spontaneously acquire gain-of-function mutations in AR (rather than acquiring mutations that simply preclude inhibitor binding) underscores the special challenge in pharmacologically overcoming this mechanism of resistance.
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