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Precise mutations can also be induced in ES cells using oligonucleotides (Aarts et al. 2006; Papaioannou et al. 2012), but low spontaneous efficiency of precise editing prevented widespread use until the ZNF or Cas9-induced DSBs increased the efficiency of targeted editing (Chen et al. 2011; Mali et al. 2013b).
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The animals were checked for spontaneous metastasis efficiency.
This outcome may also be partially due to the low spontaneous metastatic efficiency of the B16F1 cell line.
In McKenna's movies, the office is an idealized sphere of efficiency, spontaneous eloquence and utter devotion.
The devices presented include nanowires, angle-etched nanobeams, plasmonic resonators and integrated planar resonators, which have been used to engineer the collection efficiency and spontaneous emission rate for nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers.
The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of maternal age on obstetric indices of uterine efficiency in spontaneous nulliparous labor managed according to a standardized protocol in order to determine whether increasing maternal age is more commonly associated with dystocia.
We asked whether the efficiency of spontaneous λ prophage induction is also dependent on this parameter.
Efficiency of spontaneous λ prophage induction was estimated as described previously [ 10].
We found that efficiency of spontaneous λ prophage induction is significantly decreased at low growth rates of lysogenic bacteria relative to higher growth rates (Table 1).
The efficiency of spontaneous ventilation and the ventilatory efficiency obtained by the VE/VCO2 index were investigated in 18 babies and children with congenital cardiac disease, while they were anesthetized with halothane.
The efficiency of spontaneous differentiation to PGCs can be increased with the addition of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-4, -7 and -8b), use of prolonged culture and co-culture with human or mouse fetal gonad stromal cells (4, 12, 15, 16, 19).
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