TransFair USA, the only organisation responsible for fair-trade certification in America, is based in neighbouring Oakland; and in 1999, Berkeley's mayor, Shirley Dean, sponsored a regulation stipulating that all coffee purchased by the city government must be fair-trade.
Representatives of the retailers include the former Republican Senator Don Nickles of Oklahoma, and Sheryl Cohen, a former chief of staff for Christopher J. Dodd of Connecticut, the Democratic senator who sponsored the financial regulation bill and is now retired.
The situation is compounded by government-sponsored regulation.
The Newspaper Society said the plans were "a workable, practical way swiftly to deliver the Leveson recommendations, which the industry accepts, without any form of state-sponsored regulation that would endanger freedom of speech".
"The Trust", it continues, "spawned Hacked Off – the lobby group present at the late-night summit with senior Labour and Liberal Democrat figures in Ed Miliband's Commons office which hatched the agreement paving the way for state-sponsored regulation of the press".
But the newspaper industry rejected the idea of "state-sponsored regulation".
The newspaper industry rejected the idea of what it called "state-sponsored regulation" and put forward its own plans.
But the newspaper industry rejected the idea of "state-sponsored regulation", putting forward a plan with a series of key differences.
It is closely based on the draft charter agreed after the Leveson report into press standards - but without "state-sponsored regulation".
The industry described it as "a workable, practical way to swiftly deliver the Leveson recommendations... without any form of state-sponsored regulation that would endanger freedom of speech".
Cindy Smith, who heads biotechnology regulation at the department, said in a conference call that the proposals grew out of an interagency review of regulations sponsored by the White House last year.
